Synchronous Programming :
Synchronous programming, also known as blocking or sequential programming, follows a straightforward execution flow. In this approach, each task is executed one after the other, and the program waits for each task to complete before moving on to the next one. This means that if a task takes a long time to complete, it will block the execution of subsequent tasks, causing the program to become unresponsive.
Before diving into the code examples, let's understand some key concepts related to synchronous functions:
Key Concepts :
- Synchronous Execution: In synchronous execution, each function is executed one after the other in a sequential manner. The program waits for each function to complete before moving on to the next one.
- Blocking Execution: Synchronous functions block the execution of the program until they complete their tasks. This means that if a function takes a long time to execute, it will delay the execution of subsequent functions.
- Thread.Sleep(): The Thread.Sleep() method is used to introduce a delay in the execution of a function. It pauses the execution of the current thread for a specified amount of time, allowing other threads to execute
public static void Fun1()
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Fun1");
Thread.Sleep(5000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Fun1");
}
public static void Fun2()
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Fun2");
Thread.Sleep(4000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Fun2");
}
public static void Fun3()
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Fun3");
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Fun3");
}
public static void Fun4()
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Fun4");
Thread.Sleep(3000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Fun4");
}
OUTPUT of Above Code Will Be :
The Fun1() function starts by printing a message indicating the start of execution. It then introduces a delay of 5000 milliseconds (5 seconds) using Thread.Sleep(). After the delay, it prints a message indicating the completion of execution.
Similarly, we have three more functions: Fun2(), Fun3(), and Fun4(). These functions follow the same pattern of printing start and completion messages and introducing delays of different durations.
To execute these functions synchronously, we can call them one after the other in the desired order:
Fun1();
Fun2();
Fun3()
Fun4();
" The program will execute Fun1(), wait for it to complete, then move on to Fun2(), and so on. This ensures that each function is executed in a sequential manner. "
Synchronous functions in C# MVC execute one after the other in a sequential manner, blocking the execution of the program until each function completes. They are useful when the order of execution is important and when one function depends on the output of a previous function. By understanding the concept of synchronous functions and using them effectively, you can ensure the desired execution flow in your C# MVC applications.
Asynchronous Programming :
Asynchronous programming, on the other hand, allows tasks to be executed concurrently, without blocking the execution flow. It enables the program to initiate a task and continue with other operations while waiting for the task to complete. This approach is particularly useful when dealing with time-consuming operations, such as network requests or database queries, as it allows the program to remain responsive during these operations.
Lets See Example :
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Function1();
Function2();
Function3();
Function4();
Console.ReadLine();
}
public static async Task Function1()
{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Function One.");
Thread.Sleep(5000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Function One.");
Console.ReadLine();
});
}
public static async Task Function2()
{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Function Second.");
Thread.Sleep(4000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Function Second.");
Console.ReadLine();
});
}
public static async Task Function3()
{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Function Third.");
Thread.Sleep(3000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Function Third.");
Console.ReadLine();
});
}
public static async Task Function4()
{
await Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Execution Start For Function Four.");
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("Execution Completed For Function Four.");
Console.ReadLine();
});
}
Above Code OUTPUT Will BE :
function is marked with the async keyword, indicating that it contains asynchronous operations.
The await keyword is used to asynchronously wait for the completion of the Task.Run method.
Inside the Task.Run method, we have a lambda expression that represents the work to be done asynchronously.
In this example, the lambda expression prints a message, sleeps for 5 seconds using Thread.Sleep, and then prints another message.
By using the async and await keywords, we can write code that performs tasks concurrently, improving the performance and responsiveness of our applications. Asynchronous programming is particularly useful when dealing with time-consuming operations, such as network requests or database queries.
Understanding and effectively utilizing asynchronous programming can greatly enhance the efficiency and user experience of your C# MVC applications.
Benefits of Asynchronous Programming :
Asynchronous programming offers several benefits over synchronous programming:
- Improved Responsiveness: By executing tasks concurrently, asynchronous programming allows the program to remain responsive, even when performing time-consuming operations.
- Better Resource Utilization: Asynchronous programming enables efficient utilization of system resources. While waiting for one task to complete, the program can initiate and work on other tasks, maximizing resource usage.
- Scalability: Asynchronous programming is well-suited for handling multiple concurrent requests. It allows the program to handle more requests without blocking the execution flow.
- Enhanced User Experience: By avoiding blocking operations, asynchronous programming ensures a smooth and responsive user experience, especially in applications that involve network communication or heavy computations.
While asynchronous programming offers many advantages, it also introduces some considerations to keep in mind:
- Complexity: Asynchronous programming introduces additional complexity compared to synchronous programming. It requires a good understanding of asynchronous patterns and proper handling of concurrency and synchronization.
- Error Handling: Asynchronous code can be more challenging to debug and handle errors. Proper exception handling and error propagation are crucial to ensure the stability and reliability of the application.
- Thread Safety: Asynchronous programming often involves multiple threads or tasks running concurrently. It's important to ensure thread safety and handle shared resources properly to avoid race conditions and other synchronization issues.
- Performance Trade-offs: Asynchronous programming may not always result in better performance. In some cases, the overhead of managing asynchronous operations can outweigh the benefits, especially for small and simple tasks.