The correct answer is:

d. basic input/output operation ✅

Explanation:

• The #include directive is used to include header files in a C++ program.

• For example, #include <iostream> is essential to use basic input/output operations like cin and cout.

• Without including <iostream>, you cannot use these standard I/O functionalities.

Other options:

• a. basic mathematical operation — Usually handled by built-in operators, no special include needed.

• b. advanced mathematical operation — Might require <cmath>, but #include itself is not specifically essential here.

• c. data hiding — A concept in OOP, unrelated to #include.

✅ So, the best choice is:

d. basic input/output operation

The correct answer is:

a. All of these ✅

Explanation:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) provides multiple key features, including:

• Modularity — Code is organized into separate, manageable modules (classes/objects).

• Encapsulation — Hiding internal details and exposing only necessary parts.

• Polymorphism — Ability to treat objects of different classes through a common interface.

✅ So, the answer is a. All of these.

The correct answer is:

d. Top down approach ✅

Explanation:

• Procedural Programming typically follows the Top-Down Approach, where a system is broken down into smaller subroutines or functions step by step, starting from the highest-level overview.

Other options:

• b. bottom up approach — More common in Object-Oriented Programming.

• c. mid way approach — Not a standard term.

• a. none of the above — Incorrect.

✅ Final answer: d. Top down approach

The correct answer is:

d. Skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration ✅

Explanation:

• The continue statement in C++ skips the remaining code inside the current loop iteration and immediately jumps to the next iteration of the loop.

Example:

Other options:

• a. continues from already existing break statement ❌ — Not correct.

• b. continues the loop without doing anything ❌ — It does skip code but moves to the next iteration, not just "doing nothing".

• c. none of these ❌ — Incorrect.

✅ So, the right answer is:

d. Skips the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration

The correct answer is:

d. public ✅

Explanation:

Visibility specifiers in C++ control access to class members:

• private: Most restrictive — accessible only within the class.

• protected: Accessible within the class and its derived classes.

• public: Least restrictive — accessible from anywhere.

• const: Not a visibility specifier, it means the value cannot be changed.

✅ So, the least restrictive visibility specifier is public.

The correct answer is:

c. >> operator should be used ✅

Explanation:

• cin uses the extraction operator >> to take input.

• The code cin << x; is incorrect because << is the insertion operator (used with cout).

• The correct syntax to read input into x is:

Other Options:

• a. >>> operator should be used ❌ → No such operator in C++.

• b. cin("%d",x) should be used ❌ → This is C-style scanf, not valid with cin.

• d. < operator should be used ❌ → Single < is not used for input extraction.

✅ Final Answer: c. >> operator should be used

The correct answer is:

b. int arr[10]; ✅

Explanation:

In C++, to declare an array of 10 integers, you use the following syntax:

This creates an array named arr that can hold 10 integers, indexed from 0 to 9.

Other Options:

• a. array int[10]; ❌ → Incorrect syntax.

• c. array arr[10] ❌ → array is not a valid keyword in this context.

• d. int arr(10); ❌ → This declares a single integer variable, not an array.

✅ Final Answer: b. int arr[10];

The correct answer is:

b. 0 ✅

Explanation:

In C++, when you declare an enum like this:

The enumerators (like Monday and Tuesday) are automatically assigned integer values starting from 0 by default.

So:

• Monday = 0

• Tuesday = 1

✅ Final Answer: b. 0

The correct answer is:

c. long ✅

Explanation:

Among the options provided, we are looking for the largest non-floating point (integer) data type:

• a. double ❌ → This is a floating-point type, so it's excluded.

• b. short ❌ → Smaller than int, usually 2 bytes.

• d. int ❌ → Typically 4 bytes.

• c. long ✅ → Larger than or equal to int, typically used for storing bigger integers.

On most systems:

• short = 2 bytes

• int = 4 bytes

• long = 4 or 8 bytes depending on the compiler and system architecture (usually 8 bytes on 64-bit systems)

✅ So, the correct answer is: c. long

The correct answer is:

a. >> ✅

Explanation:

In C++, the **cin** object is used for input (getting data from the user), and it works with the extraction operator >>.

Example:

This reads a value from the user and stores it in the age variable.

Other Options:

• b. << — Used with **cout** for output.

• c. >= — Greater than or equal to (comparison operator).

• d. <= — Less than or equal to (comparison operator).

✅ Final Answer: a. >>

The correct answer is:

d. class ✅

Explanation:

In Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):

• A class is a blueprint or template for creating objects.

• It defines the properties (fields/attributes) and behaviors (methods/functions) that the objects created from it will have.

Example in C++:

Here, Car is a class, and you can create objects like:

Other Options:

• a. fields — These are variables inside a class.

• b. functions — These are methods inside a class.

• c. constant — A fixed value; not related to creating objects.

✅ So, the correct answer is: d. class.

The correct answer is:

a. "\n" ✅

Explanation:

• endl in C++ is used to insert a newline character (just like \n) and flush the output buffer.

  Example:

  cout << "Hello" << endl;

  This prints "Hello" and moves the cursor to the next line.

• \n is the newline character, also moves the cursor to the next line.

Other Options:

• b. "a" → Just a character, not related to newline.

• c. "\s" → Not a valid escape sequence in C++.

• d. "\t" → Inserts a tab, not a newline.

✅ So, the closest match to endl is: a. "\n".